Into the sea every year millions of tons of waste that are widely distributed in the marine environment, resulting in large accumulations in parts of the planet. It is estimated that 80% of the "marine debris" are plastic, which due to its resistance to degradation may remain for long periods in the environment affecting ecosystems and marine life. There is a growing scientific interest in the so called "microplastic" particles smaller than 5mm, due to their ability to retain properties and chemical contaminants, providing a route for the transportation of toxic substances through the surface in recent years. With this conference we will know the origin, distribution and effects of plastic waste in the marine environment and its impact on human health and the actions carried out to address this environmental problem of global character.